Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental health disorder characterized by a distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. Individuals with anorexia nervosa may engage in extreme behaviors to control their weight, such as restricting their food intake, purging, and excessive exercise. Anorexia nervosa can lead to severe physical and psychological health consequences if left untreated.

The signs and symptoms of anorexia nervosa can include significant weight loss, preoccupation with food and weight, excessive exercise, denial of hunger, and distorted body image. Other symptoms may include dry skin, thinning hair, irregular menstruation, and feeling cold all the time. Individuals with anorexia nervosa may also experience psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, social withdrawal, and irritability.

Diagnosing anorexia nervosa requires a comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional. The clinician will assess the individual's history and symptoms, including their weight history, eating patterns, and medical history. They may also use standardized rating scales to measure the severity of symptoms and impairment. The diagnosis of anorexia nervosa may also involve ruling out other medical or mental health conditions that can present similar symptoms.

The causes of anorexia nervosa are complex and can include genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Traumatic life events such as physical or emotional abuse can also contribute to the development of anorexia nervosa.

Treatment for anorexia nervosa typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medical, nutritional, and psychological interventions. Medical treatment may include hospitalization or outpatient care to address physical health concerns such as malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances, and other complications. Nutritional interventions may involve working with a registered dietitian to develop a balanced meal plan and ensure adequate calorie and nutrient intake. Psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and family-based therapy may also be recommended to address the psychological aspects of anorexia nervosa.